PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

 

e-ISSN 2231-8542
ISSN 1511-3701

Home / Regular Issue / JTAS Vol. 47 (2) May. 2024 / JTAS-2834-2023

 

Effect of Leaf Pruning and Additional Fertilizer on Growth and Young Pods Yield of Winged Beans

Isna Tustiyani, Maya Melati, Sandra Arifin Aziz, Muhamad Syukur and Didah Nur Faridah

Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, Volume 47, Issue 2, May 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47836/pjtas.47.2.02

Keywords: Leaf nutrient, legumes, root length, phosphorus, vegetables

Published on: 30 May 2024

Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) exhibits luxuriant foliage, making leaf pruning essential to enhance sunlight interception. Additionally, supplementing with additional fertilizer helps offset the impact of gradual harvesting. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effect of leaf pruning and additional fertilizer on the growth and yield parameter of winged beans in the Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) experimental station at Leuwikopo, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. A randomized complete block design was used with two factors and three replications, namely leaf pruning intensities (0, 15, and 30% leaf pruning) and rates of additional fertilizer (0, 6.25, 12.5, and 18.5 g NPK 16-16-16/plant). The observed variables were plant height, leaf number, root length, leaf nutrient, auxin content, nutrient uptake, and young pods yield. The findings revealed that the interaction of pruning intensities and additional fertilizer rates significantly influenced leaf number and root length. Specifically, plants receiving a treatment combination without pruning and 6.25 g of additional fertilizer/plant exhibited the highest leaf number. In contrast, those subjected to 15% leaf pruning showed the greatest root length. Leaf nutrient levels, auxin content, and nutrient uptake exhibited noticeable improved with the addition of fertilizer. Meanwhile, a higher phosphorus and organic carbon content was observed in the 15% pruning treatment, and the young pods yield were not affected because the Fairuz variety reached its potential yield. Based on the results, the most recommended treatment is a combination without leaf pruning, supplemented with 6.25 g of additional fertilizer/plant.

  • Anjos, R. A., Lisboa, C., Silva, G., Vaz, V., Teixeira, I., Eduardo, M., Corrêa, P. C., Mota, J. H., Silva, A., & Lourenço, A. (2021). Yield of common bean cultivars and castor hybrids intercropped in two cultivation sites with oxisol in the midwest region of Brazil. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 15(10), 1307–1313. https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.21.15.10.p3255

  • Asefa, G., Mohammed, H., & Ayano, A. (2021). Hybrid vigor of yield and yield related characters on Limmu Coffee (Coffea arabica L .) genotypes at South-Western Ethiopia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 8(2), 89–109. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.8.02.89-100

  • Bakal, H., Kenetli, A., & Arioglu, H. (2020). The effect of plant density on pod yield and some agronomic characteristics of different growth-type peanut varieties (Arachis hypogaea l.) grown as a main crop. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 25(1), 92–99. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.748671

  • Bassal, H., Merah, O., Ali, A. M., Hijazi, A., & Omar, F. E. (2020). Psophocarpus tetragonolobus: An underused species with multiple potential uses. Plants, 9(12), 1730. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121730

  • Betty, B., Aziz, S. A., & Suketi, K. (2021). The effects of different rates of chicken manure and harvest intervals on the bioactive compounds of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del.). Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 8(2), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.8.02.80-88

  • Bhandari, N. (2018). Review: Techniques used in plant tissue analysis for essential elements on horticultural plants and correlate with nutrient requirement. North American Academic Research, 1(2), 94–113.

  • Calvindi, J., Syukur, M., & Nurcholis, W. (2020). Investigation of biochemical characters and antioxidant properties of different winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) genotypes grown in Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21(6), 2420–2424. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210612

  • Cano-Reinoso, D. M., Soesanto, L., Kharisun, & Wibowo, C. (2022). Effect of pre-harvest foliar calcium and silicon fertilization on pineapple quality and fruit collapse incidence. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 44(3), 405–418. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.3635

  • Carrillo, Y., Jordan, C. F., Jacobsen, K. L., Mitchell, K. G., & Raber, P. (2011). Shoot pruning of a hedgerow perennial legume alters root-derived nitrogen’s availability and temporal dynamics in a subtropical setting. Plant Soil, 345, 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-0760-8

  • Dufour, B. P., Kerana, I. W., & Ribeyre, F. (2019). Effect of coffee tree pruning on berry production and coffee berry borer infestation in the Toba Highlands (North Sumatra). Crop Protection, 122, 151–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.05.003

  • Eagleton, G. E. (2020). Review: Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) cropping systems. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(12), 5927–5946. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d211258

  • Feng, J., Hussain, H. A., Hussain, S., Shi, C., Cholidah, L., Men, S., Ke, J., & Wang, L. (2020). Optimum water and fertilizer management for better growth and resource use efficiency of rapeseed in rainy and drought seasons. Sustainability, 12(2), 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020703

  • Hari, P. C. N., Balasubramanian, A., & Radhakhishnan, S. (2017). Effect of pruning intensities on leaf nutrient status and fruit yield in tamarind plantation at Dharmapuri District of Tamil Nadu, India. The Bioscan, 12(1), 615–618.

  • He, J., Jin, Y., Siddique, K. H. M., & Li, F.-M. (2021). The trade-off between root efficiency and root size is associated with the ith yield performance of soybean under different water and phosphorus levels. Agriculture, 11(6), 481. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11060481

  • Ishthifaiyyah, S. A., Syukur, M., Trikoesoemaningtyas., & Maharijaya, A. (2021). Agro-morphological traits and harvest period assessment of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) genotypes for pod production. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 22(2), 1069–1075. https://doi.org/10.13057/BIODIV/D220264

  • Iskandar, H. M., Suhandono, S., Pambudi, J., Kristianti, T., Putranto, R. A., Mose, W., & Sustiprijatno, S. (2020). Characterization of a drought-inducible dehydrin promoter from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 7(1), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.7.01.28-36

  • Kamhun, W., Pheng-am, S., Uppananchai, T., Ratanasut, K., & Rungrat, T. (2022). Effects of nitrogen levels on sucrose content, disease severity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and yield of hybrid rice (BC4F5). Agriculture and Natural Resources, 56(5), 909–916.

  • Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. (2020). Pengumuman permohonan hak PVT [Announcement of PVP rights application]. Kementan RI. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjC8-uvouSEAxXo1jgGHVOtBhAQFnoECA4QAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.ipb.ac.id%2Fkekayaanintelektual%2FDokumenPerlindunganVT_006__Kecipir_Fairuz_IPB_7d23268c-42fc-4a9a-a0c0-aa09d6f0900b.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0mblA_D_wEOZ7CK3snXi76&opi=89978449

  • Kim, G. J., Jo, H., Kim, H., Cho, M. S., Noh, N.-J., Chang, H., Kim, H.-S., & Son, Y. (2023). Experimental design of open-field temperature and precipitation manipulation system to simulate summer extreme climate events for plants and soils. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 47(1), 132–142. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-011X.3070

  • Kim, H.-J., & Li, X. (2016). Effects of phosphorus on shoot and root growth, partitioning, and phosphorus utilization efficiency in Lantana. HortScience, 51(8), 1001–1009. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.51.8.1001

  • Kueklang, M., Krisanapook, K., Havananda, T., Phavaphutanon, L., & Luengwilai, K. (2021). Seasonal variation of fruit yield and leaf macronutrient concentrations of Thai aromatic coconut. Agriculture and Natural Resources, 55(5), 854–862. https://doi.org/10.34044/j.anres.2021.55.5.16

  • Laia, K. (2019). Perbedaan keragaan, daya hasil, dan kandungan proksimat kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) [Differences in performance, yield, and proximate content of chipper (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.)] [Unpublish Bachelor’s thesis]. Institut Pertanian Bogor.

  • Li, J., Wu, W.-H., & Wang, Y. (2017). Potassium channel AKT1 is involved in the auxin-mediated root growth inhibition in Arabidopsis response to low K+ stress. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 59(12), 895–909. https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12575

  • Li, K.-T., Lakso, A. N., Piccioni, R., & Robinson, T. (2016). Summer pruning reduces whole-canopy carbon fixation and transpiration in apple trees. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 78(6), 749–754. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2003.11511694

  • Limpawattana, M., & Shewfelt, R. L. (2010). Flavor lexicon for sensory descriptive profiling of different rice types. Journal of Food Science, 75(4), S199–S205. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01577.x

  • Liu, T., Song, F., Liu, S., & Zhu, X. (2011). Canopy structure, light interception, and photosynthetic characteristics under different narrow-wide planting patterns in maize at silking stage. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(4), 1249–1261. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/20110904-050-11

  • Liu, Y., Tian, J., Liu, B., Zhuo, Z., Shi, C., Xu, R., Xu, M., Liu, B., Ye, J., Sun, L., & Liao, H. (2022). Effects of pruning on mineral nutrients and untargeted metabolites in fresh leaves of Camellia sinensis cv. Shuixian. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 1016511. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1016511

  • Mahmoodi, B., Moballeghi, M., Eftekhari, A., & Neshaie-Mogadam, M. (2020). Effects of foliar application of liquid fertilizer on agronomical and physiological traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agrobotanica, 73(3), 7332. https://doi.org/10.5586/AA.7332

  • Maillard, A., Diquélou, S., Billard, V., Laîné, P., Garnica, M., Prudent, M., Garcia-Mina, J.-M., Yvin, J.-C., & Ourry, A. (2015). Leaf mineral nutrient remobilization during leaf senescence and modulation by nutrient deficiency. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 317. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00317

  • Mediene, S., Jordan, M. O., Pages, L., Lebot, J., & Adamowicz, S. (2002). The influence of severe shoot pruning on growth, carbon and nitrogen status in young peach trees (Prunus persica). Tree Physiology, 22(18), 1289–1296. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/22.18.1289

  • Mohanty, C. S., Singh, V., & Chapman, M. A. (2020). Winged bean: An underutilized tropical legume on the path of improvement, to help mitigate food and nutrition security. Scientia Horticulturae, 260, 108789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108789

  • Maudu, M., Mudau, F. N., & Mariga, I. K. (2010). The effect of pruning on growth and chemical composition of cultivated bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides D.C). Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 4(22), 2353–2358. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR10.486

  • Nahed., Aziz, G. A, Azza., Mazher, A. M., & Farahat, M. M. (2010). Response of vegetative growth and chemical constituents of Thuja orientalis L. plant to foliar application of different amino acids at Nubaria. Journal of American Science, 6(3), 295–301.

  • Nugroho, P. A., Widyastuti, Y., Samanhudi., & Yunus, A. (2017). Growth response of Artemisia annua by the effect of types and composition of organic fertilizer in the lowland. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 7, 339–345. https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2017.05.006

  • Omondi, J. O., Lazarovitch, N., Rachmilevitch, S., & Yermiyahu, U. (2019). Phosphorus affects the storage root yield of cassava through root numbers. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(17), 2070–2079. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2019.1655033

  • Owino, C., & Sigunga, D. O. (2012). Effects of rainfall pattern and fertilizer nitrogen on nitrogen loss in bypass flow in vertisols at the onset of rain season under tropical environments. Journal of Environmental Science and Water Resources, 1(9), 207–215.

  • Owolabi, I. O., Ashaolu, J. T., & Abayomi, Y. A. (2016). Effects of inorganic fertilizer application on plant growth and dry matter yield of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.). International Journal of Agricultural and Food Research, 5(1), 14-21. https://doi.org/10.24102/ijafr.v5i1.587

  • Porfírio, S., da Silva, M. D. R. G, Peixe, A., Cabrita, M. J., & Azadi, P. (2016). Current analytical methods for plant auxin quantification - A review. Analytica Chimica Acta, 902, 8–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2015.10.035

  • Prajapati, K., & Modi, H. A. (2018). The importance of potassium in plant growth - A review. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences, 1(2-3), 177-186.

  • Qazizadah, A. Z., Nakasha, J. J., Sinniah, U. R., & Wahab, P. E. M. (2023). Improvement of growth and development of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L .) through the application of chitosan at different plant maturity stages. Pertanika Tropical Agricultural Science, 46(2), 647–670. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjtas.46.2.16

  • Samira., Mohamed, M., Fayed, T. A., Hussein, A. M., & Maged, S. M. (2014). Effect of some pruning applications on the leaf-to-fruit ratio, yield, and fruit quality Florida “Prince” peach trees. Journal of Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants, 6(1), 18–26. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.jhsop.2014.6.1.1134

  • Santanoo, S., Vongcharoen, K., Banterng, P., Vorasoot, N., Jogloy, S., Roytrakul, S., & Treerakulpisut, P. (2020). Canopy structure and photosynthetic performance of irrigated cassava genotypes growing in different seasons in a tropical savanna climate. Agronomy, 10(12), 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10122018

  • Shashi., Garhwal, O. P., Choudhary, M. R., Bairwa, L. N., Kumawat, K. L., Kumar, P., Basile, B., Corrado, G., Rouphael, Y., & Gora, J. S. (2022). Effects of time of pruning and plant bio-regulators on the growth, yield, fruit quality, and post-harvest losses of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana). Horticulturae, 8(9), 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8090809

  • Shen, Q., Wen, Z., Dong, Y., Li, H., Miao, Y., & Shen, J. (2018). The responses of root morphology and phosphorus-mobilizing exudations in wheat to increasing shoot phosphorus concentration. AoB PLANTS, 1(5), ply054. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/ply054

  • Singh, S. K., Singh, S. K., Sharma, R. R., & Patel, V. B. (2010). Influence of pruning intensity on flowering, fruit yields and floral malformation in three mango cultivars planted under high density. Indian Journal Horticulture, 67, 84-89.

  • Sofian, M. E., & Susila, A. D. (2018). Increasing cauliflower yields through fertigation. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 5(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.5.1.1-5

  • Susanti, D., Melati, M., & Kurniawati, A. (2022). Identification of secondary metabolite compounds in two varieties of young winged beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L .) at two harvest ages. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 9(1), 52–67.

  • Susanto, S., Aji, T. G., & Rahayu, A. (2013). The effect of apex pruning on vegetative and generative growth of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 4(3), 150–156. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.4.3.150-156

  • Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2002). Plant physiology (3rd ed.). Sinauer Associates.

  • Tenorio-Berrío, R., Pérez-Alonso, M. M., Vicente-Carbajosa, J., Martín-Torres, L., Dreyer, I., & Pollmann, S. (2018). Identification of two auxin-regulated potassium transporters involved in seed maturation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(7), 2132. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19072132

  • Toman, S. S., Al-Taey, D. K. A., Al-Tawaha, A. R., Sirajuddin, S. N., Rasyid, I., & Hassan, A. A. A.-H. (2020). Effect of foliar application and mineral fertilizer on growth parameters and content auxins, GA and CK in cucumber leaves. In IOP Conference Series: Earth Environonment Science (Vol. 492 No. 1, p. 012009). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/492/1/012009

  • Tsegaye, A., & Struik, P. C. (2000). Influence of repetitive transplanting and leaf pruning on dry matter and food production of enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. (Cheesman)). Field Crops Research, 68(1), 61–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(00)00111-8

  • Valdes-Rodriguez, O. A., Gomez-Zuniga, I., Palacios-Wassenaar, O. M., Quintas, G. S., & Perez-Vazquez, A. (2020). Effect of pruning and organic fertilization over productive parameters of four Mexican provenances of Jatropha curcas L. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 32(8), 567–576. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2020.v32.i8.2133

  • Yan, B., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, S., Cui, J., Sun, K., Wang, T., Kang, C., Sun, J., Ge, Y., Guo, L., & Wang, W. (2021). Effects of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on flowering and fruiting of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. bioRxiv, 2021-01. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.23.427937

  • Yin, J.-D., Hou, H.-Z., Zhang, X.-C., Wang, H.-L., Yu, X.-F., Fang, Y.-J., Ma, Y.-F., Zhang, G.-P., & Lei, K.-N. (2020). Effects of organic fertilizer application on flag leaf C/N ratio, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat with full plastic film mulching. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 31(11), 3749–3757. https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.029

  • Yong, J. W. H., Ng, Y. F., Tan, S. N., & Chew, A. Y. L. (2010). Effect of fertilizer application on photosynthesis and oil yield of Jatropha curcas L. Photosynthetica, 48(2), 208–218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-010-0026-3

  • Zahran, H. H. (1999). Rhizobium-legume symbiosis and nitrogen fixation under severe conditions and in an arid climate. Microbiol Molecular Biology Review, 63(4), 968–989. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.63.4.968-989.1999

ISSN 1511-3701

e-ISSN 2231-8542

Article ID

JTAS-2834-2023

Download Full Article PDF

Share this article

Related Articles