PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Heat transfer in engineering applications has shown progress, especially in electronic devices that raise the need for better heat sink designs. In addition, the generation of heat in devices and electronic circuits has also augmented, leading to the problem of heat dissipation. This study investigates the thermal and fluid flow characteristics of different geometrical configurations of pin fin heat sink under natural convection. The heat sink models studied are Hybrid Pin Fin with Connector Heat Sink (HPFWC HS) and Pin Fin with Connector Heat Sink (PFWC HS). All heat sinks models were simulated using CFD Ansys to analyse each heat sink’s thermal performances and flow fields. The results show that adding wings to the HPFWC HS significantly increased heat dissipation. In terms of heat transfer characteristics, the HPFWC HS has about a 5.78% increase in Nusselt number compared with HPFWC HS. The reason is that the heat sink HPFWC HS has wings around it, and these wings help to promote vortex formation around the fins, which leads to a higher heat transfer coefficient. A fin spacing of 15mm is the best spacing for the heat sink compared to other fin spacing.

• Acharya, S., & Dash, S. K. (2018). Natural convection heat transfer from a horizontal hollow cylinder with internal longitudinal fins. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 134, 40-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.07.039

• Arefin, A. M. E. (2016). Thermal analysis of modified pin fin heat sink for natural convection. In 2016 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, ICIEV 2016 (pp. 1-5). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIEV.2016.7759986

• Choudhary, V., Kumar, M., & Patil, A. K. (2019). Experimental investigation of enhanced performance of pin fin heat sink with wings. Applied Thermal Engineering, 155, 546-562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.03.139

• Effendi, N. S., & Kim, K. J. (2015). Thermal behaviours of passively-cooled hybrid fin heat sinks for lightweight and high performance thermal management. In Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems InterPACK2015 (pp. 1-7). American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

• Effendi, N. S., & Kim, K. J. (2018). Natural convective hybrid fin heat sinks for lightweight and high performance thermal management. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 32(10), 5005-5013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-018-0948-4

• Effendi, N. S., Putra, S. S. G. R., & Kim, K. J. (2018). Prediction methods for natural convection around hollow hybrid fin heat sinks. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 126, 272-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.01.002

• Haghighi, S. S., Goshayeshi, H. R., & Safaei, M. R. (2018). Natural convection heat transfer enhancement in new designs of plate-fin based heat sinks. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 125, 640-647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.04.122

• Hoffmann, K. A., & Chiang, S. T. (2000). Computational fluid dynamics (Vol. 1). Engineering Education System.

• Hosseinirad, E., Khoshvaght-Aliabadi, M., & Hormozi, F. (2019). Effects of splitter shape on thermal-hydraulic characteristics of plate-pin-fin heat sink (PPFHS). International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 143, Article 118586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118586

• Humphries, J. (2014). Thermal management of electronics devices - The role it plays. Electrolube. https://electrolube.com/knowledge_base/thermal-management-of-electronics-devices/

• Ibrahim, T. K., Mohammed, M. N., Mohammed, M. K., Najafi, G., Sidik, N. A. C., Basrawi, F., Abdalla, A. N., & Hoseini, S. S. (2018). Experimental study on the effect of perforations shapes on vertical heated fins performance under forced convection heat transfer. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 118, 832-846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.11.047

• Immerman, G. (2017). Why industry 4.0 is important and why manufacturers should care. Machinemetrics. https://www.machinemetrics.com/blog/why-industry-4-0-is-important

• Jassem, R. R. (2013). Effect the form of perforation on the heat transfer in the perforated fins. Academic Research International, 4(3), 198-207. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2437.0326

• Jensen, M. (2018). The importance of proper meshing in finite element analysis. Steen Solutions. http://steensolutions.com/2017/01/importance-proper-meshing-finite-element-analysis/

• Joo, Y., & Kim, S. J. (2015). Comparison of thermal performance between plate-fin and pin-fin heat sinks in natural convection. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 83, 345-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.12.023

• Kumar, V. M., Farooq, S., & Rao, B. N. (2016). A detailed review on pin fin heat sink. International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 10(5), 1006-1015.

• Lu, B., & Jiang, P. X. (2006). Experimental and numerical investigation of convection heat transfer in a rectangular channel with angled ribs. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 30(6), 513-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2005.09.007

• Meng, X., Zhu, J., Wei, X., & Yan, Y. (2018). Natural convection heat transfer of a straight-fin heat sink. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 123, 561-568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.03.002

• Nada, S. A., & Said, M. A. (2019). Effects of fins geometries, arrangements, dimensions and numbers on natural convection heat transfer characteristics in finned-horizontal annulus. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 137, 121-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.11.026

• Perry, J. (2017). Thermal comparison of copper and aluminum heat sinks. Advanced Thermal Solutions Inc. https://www.qats.com/cms/2017/03/28/case-study-thermal-comparison-copper-aluminum-heat-sinks/

• Schelling, P. K., Shi, L., & Goodson, K. E. (2005). Managing heat for electronics. Materials Today, 8(6), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(05)70935-4

• Shen, Q., Sun, D., Xu, Y., Jin, T., Zhao, X., Zhang, N., Wu, K., & Huang, Z. (2016). Natural convection heat transfer along vertical cylinder heat sinks with longitudinal fins. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 100, 457-464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.09.007

• Vijay, V. (2019). Free and forced convection study notes for mechanical engineering. Gradeup. https://gradeup.co/free-and-forced-convection-i-9d6951ec-c265-11e5-9f7c-7aa8072720c6

• Zagala, E. J. (2016). Heat conductivity. In B. Bhushan (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology (pp. 1453-1453). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9780-1_100385

• Zaidshah, S., & Yadav, V. (2019). Heat transfer from different types of fins with notches with varying materials to enhance rate of heat transfer: A review. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 14(9), 174-179.