PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

e-ISSN 2231-8526
ISSN 0128-7680

Home / Regular Issue / JST Vol. 30 (2) Apr. 2022 / JST-2721-2021

 

Effect of POME Additive in Algae-Diesel Fuel Blends on Fuel Consumptions and Emissions Characteristics of a Single Diesel Engine

Hazim Sharudin, Sharzali Che Mat, Muhammad Arif Ab Hamid Pahmi, Nor Iswadi Ismail, Mohd Fahmi Md Salleh, Fadhlin Nur Aini Rahman Shah and Nik Rosli Abdullah

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, Volume 30, Issue 2, April 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.2.25

Keywords: Algae-diesel blends, biodiesel fuels, diesel engine, exhaust emissions, POME additive

Published on: 1 April 2022

In the present investigation, the effects of Palm Oil Methyl Esters (POME) additives on fuel consumptions and exhaust emissions of a single-cylinder diesel engine fueled with algae-diesel fuel blends were studied. Five fuel blends were prepared based on volume percentages which are D100 (diesel fuel), 2.5AO97.5D (2.5% algae oil, 97.5% diesel fuel), 2.5POME2.5AO95D (2.5% POME, 2.5% algae oil, 97.5% diesel fuel), 3.5POME2.5AO94D and 4.5POME2.5AO93D. Next, fuel properties which are density, kinematic viscosity, and calorific value of all the blended fuels, were measured and analyzed. Engine tests were conducted on a single-cylinder diesel engine at a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm at various engine loads. The brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), exhaust emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) were analyzed together during the experimental work. The obtained results for BSFC show that all fuel blends decreased with increasing engine load. The results obtained revealed that NOX and CO2 emissions increase, whereas CO emissions decrease with increasing engine load. The present work suggests 4.5POME2.5AO93D algae-diesel fuel blends with POME additive as a suitable eco-friendly alternative fuel as it gives better emission results compared to other fuel blends.

  • Adeniyi, O. M., Azimov, U., & Burluka, A. (2018). Algae biofuel: Current status and future applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90, 316-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.067

  • Basha, S. A., Gopal, K. R., & Jebaraj, S. (2009). A review on biodiesel production, combustion, emissions and performance. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(6-7), 1628-1634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2008.09.031

  • Chauhan, B. S., Kumar, N., & Cho, H. M. (2012). A study on the performance and emission of a diesel engine fueled with Jatropha biodiesel oil and its blends. Energy, 37(1), 616-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.043

  • de Almeida, S. C., Belchior, C. R., Nascimento, M. V., dos SR Vieira, L., & Fleury, G. (2002). Performance of a diesel generator fuelled with palm oil. Fuel, 81(16), 2097-2102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(02)00155-2

  • Demirbaş, A. (2008). Production of biodiesel from algae oils. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 31(2), 163-168. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567030701521775

  • Demirbas, A., & Demirbas, M. F. (2011). Importance of algae oil as a source of biodiesel. Energy Conversion and Management, 52(1), 163-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.06.055

  • Graboski, M. S., & McCormick, R. L. (1998). Combustion of fat and vegetable oil derived fuels in diesel engines. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 24(2), 125-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(97)00034-8

  • Gumus, M., & Kasifoglu, S. (2010). Performance and emission evaluation of a compression ignition engine using a biodiesel (apricot seed kernel oil methyl ester) and its blends with diesel fuel. Biomass and Bioenergy, 34(1), 134-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.10.010

  • Haik, Y., Selim, M. Y., & Abdulrehman, T. (2011). Combustion of algae oil methyl ester in an indirect injection diesel engine. Energy, 36(3), 1827-1835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.11.017

  • Jayaprabakar, J., & Karthikeyan, A. (2014). Analysis on the performance, combustion and emission characteristicsof a CI engine fuelled with algae biodiesel. In Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vol. 591, pp. 33-37). Trans Tech Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.591.33

  • Lam, M. K., & Lee, K. T. (2011). Renewable and sustainable bioenergies production from palm oil mill effluent (POME): Win–win strategies toward better environmental protection. Biotechnology Advances, 29(1), 124-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.10.001

  • Lapuerta, M., Armas, O., & Rodriguez-Fernandez, J. (2008). Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 34(2), 198-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2007.07.001

  • Lim, S., & Teong, L. K. (2010). Recent trends, opportunities and challenges of biodiesel in Malaysia: An overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(3), 938-954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.10.027

  • Mofijur, M., Masjuki, H. H., Kalam, M. A., Atabani, A. E., Fattah, I. R., & Mobarak, H. M. (2014). Comparative evaluation of performance and emission characteristics of Moringa oleifera and Palm oil based biodiesel in a diesel engine. Industrial Crops and Products, 53, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.011

  • Nautiyal, P., Subramanian, K., & Dastidar, M. (2014). Production and characterization of biodiesel from algae. Fuel Processing Technology, 120, 79-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.12.003

  • Ndayishimiye, P., & Tazerout, M. (2011). Use of palm oil-based biofuel in the internal combustion engines: performance and emissions characteristics. Energy, 36(3), 1790-1796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.12.046

  • Piloto-Rodríguez, R., Sánchez-Borroto, Y., Melo-Espinosa, E. A., & Verhelst, S. (2017). Assessment of diesel engine performance when fueled with biodiesel from algae and microalgae: An overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 833-842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.015

  • Sharudin, H., Shah, F., Abdullah, N. R., Basri, M. H., Ismail, N., Pahmi, A., & Huzaifah, Y. (2019). The performance of POME-algae-diesel as a fuel in diesel engines. In M. F. Abdollah (Ed.), Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Research Day 2019 (pp. 111-112). Centre for Advanced Research on Energy (CARe).

  • Sumathi, S., Chai, S., & Mohamed, A. (2008). Utilization of oil palm as a source of renewable energy in Malaysia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12(9), 2404-2421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2007.06.006

  • Um, B. H., & Kim, Y. S. (2009). Review: A chance for Korea to advance algalbiodiesel. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 15, 1-7.

ISSN 0128-7680

e-ISSN 2231-8526

Article ID

JST-2721-2021

Download Full Article PDF

Share this article

Recent Articles