Health is one of the factors that allow for identification and self-identification, and lead therefore, whether one has good health or not can lead to a sense of inequality. Not only is health a prerequisite in social interaction and social cohesion, it is also an essential factor for guaranteeing public and private psychological well-being among social groups and communities in modern society. This study employed sociological methods to study the health of the population, and was limited to information selection and analysis similar to that of the health department system. The qualitative method was used to analyse the social logic of people's behaviour and motivation in attending to health. Social and statistical study of public health is at its initial stage and is characterised by its descriptive character, limited database, discrepancy and even bad indicators. These serve as information reference points for statistical studies. In Russia, such study is lacking. In the area of public health, social and economic differentiation is one of the factors of social dependence.